A comprehensive list of UX design methods & deliverables
The most common tool, methods, processes, and deliverables that designers use throughout the digital product design process.
This is an updated version of a list published a few years ago.
Service Blueprint
A map that displays all the touchpoints of the consumer with your brand, as well as the key internal processes involved in it. Useful to visualize the path followed by consumers across multiple channels and how you could improve that flow.
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Consumer Journey Map
A diagram that explores the multiple (sometimes invisible) steps taken by consumers as they engage with a service. Allows designers to frame the consumer’s motivations and needs in each step of the journey, creating design solutions that are appropriate for each.
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Personas
A relatable snapshot of the target audience that highlights demographics, behaviors, needs, and motivations through the creation of a fictional character. Personas make it easier for designers and digital teams to create empathy with consumers throughout the design process.
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Ecosystem Map
A visualization of the company’s digital properties, the connections between them, and their purpose in the overall marketing strategy. Gives you insights around how to leverage new and existing assets to achieve the brand’s business goals.
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Competitive Audit
A comprehensive analysis of competitor products that maps out their existing features in a comparable way. Helps you understand industry standards and identify opportunities to innovate in a given area.
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Value Proposition
A reductive process in the early stages of product definition that maps out the key aspects of it: what it is, who it is for, and when/where it will be used. Helps the team narrow down and create consensus around what the product will be.
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Stakeholders Interviews
Scripts for interviewing key stakeholders in a project, both internal and external, to gather insights about their goals. It helps prioritize features and define key performance indicators (KPIs).
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Key Performance Indicators
Pre-stabilished criteria to measure progress toward strategic goals or the maintenance of operational goals. KPIs help inform design decisions along the way and is an indispensable tool to measure the impact of your design efforts.
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Brainstorming
The collective process of generating constraint-free ideas that respond to a given creative brief. Allows the team to visualize a broad range of design solutions before deciding which one to stick with.
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Moodboards
A collaborative collection of images and references that will eventually evolve into a product’s visual style guide. Allows designers and clients to align on a look for the product before investing too much time in it.
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Storyboards
A comic strip that illustrates the series of actions that consumers take while using the product. Translates functionalities into real-life situations, helping designers create empathy with the consumer while having a first look at the product scope.
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User Flow
A visual representation of the user’s flow to complete tasks within the product. It’s the user perspective of the site organization, making it easier to identify which steps could be improved or redesigned.
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Task Analysis
A breakdown of the required information and actions needed to achieve a task. Helps designers and developers understand the current system and its information flows. Makes it possible to allocate tasks appropriately within the new system.
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Taxonomies
An exploration around multiple ways to categorize content and data: topics in a news site, product categories in an e-commerce, etc. Assists designers in defining the content structure to support the user’s and the organization’s goals.
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Content Audit
The activity of listing all content available on a website. This list will come in handy at various stages of the project: see the big picture, define the content strategy, and check the details of each page.
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Heuristic Analysis
A detailed analysis of a product that highlights good and bad practices, using known interaction design principles as guidelines. Helps you visualize the current state of the product in terms of usability, efficiency, and effectiveness of the experience.
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Sitemap
One of the most classic IA deliverables: consists of a diagram of the website’s pages organized hierarchically. It makes it easy to visualize the basic structure and navigation of a website.
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Product/Feature Roadmap
A product’s evolution plan with prioritized features. It could be a spreadsheet, a diagram, a fully documented backlog, or a simple series of sticky notes. Shares the product strategy with the team and the road that needs to be taken to achieve its vision.
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Use Cases and Scenarios
A comprehensive list of scenarios that happen when users are interacting with the product: logged in, not logged in, first visit etc. Ensures that all possible actions are thoroughly considered, as well as the system behavior in each scenario.
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Metrics Analysis
Analysis of the numbers provided by an analytics tool or your own database about how the user interacts with your product: clicks, navigation time, search queries, etc. Metrics can also “uncover the unexpected”, surfacing behaviors that are not explicit in qualitative user tests.
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User Interviews & Focus Groups
A panel of people discussing a specific topic or question. Teaches about the users’ feelings, opinions, and even language. Useful when the target audience is new or unknown to the team.
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Quantitative Surveys
Questions that provide numbers as result. Quick and relatively inexpensive way of measuring user satisfaction and collecting feedback about the product. It could highlight the need for deeper qualitative tests and research.
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Usability Testing
One-to-one interviews in which the user is asked to perform a series of tasks in a prototype or a product. Validates and collects feedback on flows, design, and features.
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Card Sorting
A technique that consists of asking users to group content and functionalities into open or closed categories. Gives you input on content hierarchy, organization, and flow.
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A/B Test
Offering alternative versions of your product to different users and comparing the results to find out which one performs better. Great for optimizing funnels and landing pages.
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Eyetracking
A technology that analyzes the user’s eye movements across the interface. Provides data about what keeps users interested on the screen and how their reading flow could be optimized by design.
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Accessibility Analysis
A study to measure if the website can be used by everyone — including people with vision, listening, motion, cognitive, and other types of disability.
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Sketches
A quick way of visualizing a new interface by using paper and pen, or a digital software. Sketches are useful to quickly validate product concepts and design approaches both with team members and users.
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Wireframes
A low-fidelity visual blueprint that represents the page structure, as well as its hierarchy and key elements. Useful to discuss ideas with team members and clients, and to assist the work of designers and developers, before going into high-fidelity, pixel-perfect deliverables.
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Prototypes
A prototype is a simulation of the website navigation and features, commonly using clickable wireframes or mockups. It’s a quick way to test and validate product flows, visuals, and experience before fully developing the product.
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Pattern Libraries & Design Systems
A hands-on library that provides examples (and code) of interaction design patterns to be used across the website. It not only promotes consistency but also makes it easier to improve and maintain elements as needed.
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Diary Studies
Diary studies are a way to collect data from users over time. Participants self-report their behaviors, frustrations, opinions, desires, and aspirations at defined intervals or in response to carefully designed prompts or tasks.
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Mental Models
Mental models are explanations of how users see the world. They influence product design every step of the way from the conception of an idea to the perception of an experience.
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Design Sprints
A Design Sprint is a unique five day process for validating ideas and solving big challenges through prototyping and testing ideas with customers.
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